ABSTRACT The fauna of blowflies (Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae) in three localities of primary Amazon forest coverage in the Amazonas-Negro interfluvial region was assessed. A total of 5066 blowflies were collected, with Chloroprocta idiodea being the most abundant species (66.3%). A difference in species richness between the localities ZF2 and Novo Airão was observed. Comparison among sampled sites revealed no considerable variation in fauna composition, except for the species Eumesembrinella benoisti (Séguy 1925) and Hemilucilia sp., whose occurrence was observed only in a single locality. Apparently, Amazon rivers are not efficient geographical barriers to influence the current composition of necrophagous blowfly assemblages. Also, most of the blowfly species did not show a noticeable specificity for any specific forest among the interfluvial areas of the ombrophilous forest. Finally, an updated checklist of necrophagous blowfly species of the Amazonas state in Brazil is presented.

Las enterobacterias (Enterobacteriaceae) causan enfermedades entéricas. Este tipo de bacterias se pueden transportar y dispersar a través de insectos que actúan como vectores mecánicos, como las moscas (Insecta: Diptera). En este estudio, se aislaron e identificaron enterobacterias asociadas a moscas sinantrópicas, las cuales se recolectaron en cuatro áreas de diferente uso urbano en el municipio de Medellín. Se identificaron 13 taxones de moscas calipteradas pertenecientes a cuatro familias y se categorizaron según el valor del Índice de Riesgo como Vector Mecánico (IRVM) - propuesto en este estudio -. Las especies Chrysomya megacephala, Lucilia cuprina, Chrysomya albiceps y Musca domestica fueron especies de alto riesgo; Fannia sp., Atherigona orientalis, y Ophyra aenescens de riesgo moderado; y las demás se clasificaron como de bajo o ningún riesgo para transportar patógenos entéricos. Escherichia coli fue la bacteria más frecuente en los aislamientos (32%), seguida por Klebsiella oxytoca (12%), Pasteurella pneumotropica (11%) y Kluyvera spp. (8%). Raoultella ornithinolitica, Stenotrophomponas maltophilia y Chryseobacterium menigosepticum, se aislaron por primera vez asociadas a moscas. Finalmente, se hacen 22 nuevos registros de bacterias asociadas a ocho especies de moscas. Los resultados permiten evidenciar un alto grado de generalismo en la interacción entre moscas y bacterias y que las moscas sinantrópicas tienen un determinado grado potencial como vectores de enfermedades infecciosas de acuerdo con el índice propuesto.

Enterobacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) causing enteric diseases can be carried and dispersed through insects that act as mechanical vectors, especially flies (Insecta: Diptera). In this study, enterobacteria associated with synanthropic flies were isolated and identified; four different urban areas in the municipality of Medellín were surveyed. Thirteen taxa of calyptrate flies belonging to four families were identified and classified according to the Mechanical Vector Risk Index (MVRI) value, which is proposed in this study. Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794), Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann, 1819), Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819), and Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 are of high risk; Fannia sp., Atherigona orientalis Schiner, 1868, and Ophyra aenescens (Wiedemann, 1830) of moderate risk; remaining species were classified as low or no risk. Escherichia coli was the most frequent bacterium according to the number of isolations (32%), followed by Klebsiella oxytoca (12%), Pasteurella pneumotropica (11%), and Kluyvera spp. (8%). Raoultella ornithinolitica, Stenotrophomponas maltophilia, and Chryseobacterium menigosepticum were isolated for the first time from flies. Finally, 22 new records of bacteria associated with eight fly species are documented. These results allow us to foresee the existence of a generalist pattern in the interaction between flies and bacteria and indicate that synanthropic flies have a quantifiable potential as vectors of infectious diseases according to the index proposed.

In temperate studies on carrion flies assemblages is widely accepted that Calliphoridae followed by Sarcophagidae, Muscidae and Fanniidae are the most abundant families in terms of abundance. In the Neotropical region, consideration on this matter had been little studied. During a one-year survey, the abundance variation of these families assemblage of carrion flies in an anthropized Andean valley located in the province of Antioquia, was studied. From February 2010 to February 2011 two monthly sampling per site were performed, Van Someren Rydon traps baited with fish and chicken were settled in four localities, one per cardinal point with different landscape use. A total number of 33838 flies were collected distributed as follow: Calliphoridae (39%), Sarcophagidae (23%), Fanniidae (18%), Muscidae (16%), and small fraction of other dipteran families (4%). This trend in the families abundance was observed during the complete year except in May, March and August when sarcophagids were the most abundant. It is remarkable the alternate half-year abundance of Muscidae and Fannidae. No significance differences in flies' abundance were observed according the climatic season, and sampling locality. Differences in flies abundance were found by month sampled where an increase pattern in the last months were evident. Differences also were found in family rank assessed, being Calliphoridae the most frequent. Accumulate number of Sarcophagidae contrast with others studies in tropical ecosystem where the second more frequent family is Muscidae probably due to the type and decomposition stage of the bait.

Estudios sobre el ensamblaje de moscas descomponedoras en regiones templadas, registran a las familias Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae y Fanniidae como las más importantes de acuerdo con su abundancia. Se estudia la variación mensual de la abundancia de las familias mencionadas en el ensamblaje de moscas carroñeras del Valle del Aburrá, departamento de Antioquia. Se realizaron dos muestreos mensuales durante un año, utilizando trampas Van Someren-Rydon cebadas con vísceras de pollo y cabeza de pescado en los 4 puntos cardinales y cada uno con diferente vocación de uso. Se encontró un total de 33834 moscas, Calliphoridae (39%), Sarcophagidae (23%), Fanniidae (18%), Muscidae (16%), otras familias (4%). La tendencia de sus frecuencias se mantuvo a través del año excepto en marzo, mayo y agosto donde la familia más abundante fue Sarcophagidae; se destaca la alternancia semestral de la abundancia de Muscidae y Fanniidae durante el año. No se evidencian diferencias significativas de abundancia entre época climática, ni entre las localidades de muestreo y sí por mes de muestreo en donde se evidencia un comportamiento creciente, se encontraron diferencias significativas según la familia siendo Calliphoridae la más frecuente. La proporción acumulada de la familia Sarcophagidae durante el año contrasta con los resultados de otros estudios en ambientes tropicales donde la familia Muscidae es la segunda más frecuente; esta variación podría deberse al tipo diferente de cebo utilizado y a su estado de descomposición.

An updated checklist of necrophagous flies (Diptera, Calyptratae) occurring in the urban area of Medellín-Colombia is presented. 27 species belonging to 4 families are reported. Data were obtained from field work and recent bibliography references.

Se presenta una lista actualizada de moscas necrófagas (Diptera, Calyptratae) presentes en el área urbana del municipio de Medellín. Se registran 27 especies incluidas en cuatro familias. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de recolectas en campo y referencias bibliográficas.

Apesar de existir uma quantidade considerável de estudos sobre dípteros decompositores devido a sua importância medica e ao avanço da entomologia forense, poucos dizem respeito as moscas asinantrópicas na Amazônia e nada foi feito na Colômbia. No presente trabalho é feito um estudo faunístico sobre moscas, principalmente das famílias Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae e Fanniidae em três diferentes paisagens da Amazônia Colombiana, além do primeiro registro das espécies Mesembrinella batesi (Aldrich, 1922) e Fannia femoralis (Stein, 1897) para Colômbia e avaliação da amostragem utilizada.

In recent years, there has been an increasing number of studies on carrion fly communities due to their medical importance and as a consequence of the large number of studies on forensic entomology. Surprisingly few studies have adressed with the asynantropic flies of the Amazon, and none were done in Colombia. A faunistic study of asynantropic flies of the families Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae and Fannidae in three different landscapes of the Colombian Amazon is presented, trapping effectiveness is assessed, and the first record of Mesembrinella batesi (Aldrich, 1922) and Fannia femoralis (Stein, 1897) from Colombia is reported.

Taxonomic, geographical and ecological information of 21 especies of Colombian blowflies of the subfamilies Chrysomyinae and Toxotarsinae is presented. Keys for taxonomical identification of the genera and species are provided.

Se presenta información taxonómica, geográfica y ecológica de 21 especies de califóridos de las subfamilias Chrysomyinae y Toxotarsinae encontradas en Colombia. Se proveen claves taxonómicas para la identificación de sus géneros y especies.

Se presenta una clave dicotómica ilustrada para la identificación taxonómica de 12 géneros y 29 especies de califóridos (Diptera: Calliphoridae) presentes en Colombia.

An illustrated key for taxonomic identification to 12 genera and 29 species of blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) occurring in Colombia is presented.

The distribution of the blow fly Blepharicnema splendens Macquart, 1843 in Colombia is revised, new records are reported, and a distributional map of the species is provided.

Se revisa la distribución geográfica del califórido Blepharicnema splendens Macquart, 1843, en Colombia. Se informan nuevos registros y se presenta un mapa de distribución de la especie en Suramérica.